Italy is the largest producer and exporter of wine, producing one-fifth of the world's production and offering the greatest variety of grapes. It has some of the oldest wine regions in the world producing some top quality wines. There are more than 1 million vineyards under cultivation in Italy spanning through the country from the Alps in the north to almost within sight of Africa in the south. Grapes are grown in almost every region. The long shoreline of Italy contributes to coastal wine regions as does the mountains and foothills which provide many altitudes for grape growing.
It has been documented and authorised by Italy's Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry that there are 350 grape varieties; however there are an additional 500 documented varieties in circulation although these have not been authorized.
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